To test these hypotheses, we used stable isotope methods to compare GSH synthesis rates and concentrations within erythrocytes, as well as plasma markers of oxidant damage, in adult patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes matched to nondiabetic control subjects
doi: 10.1016/0923-2508(93)90198-B
Those effects included local inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic disruption, leading to gastrointestinal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, reproduction disorders, and neurotoxic effects
Pathological and physiological fatigue Fatigue is a major issue in PAIS
[3] The regulation of levels of ROS, levels of oxidized and reduced glutathione and other thiols, and antioxidant enzymes (such as GSTs and glutathione reductase) are important in determination of the most stable conditions for redox control, or for activation of apoptosis